What is a protocol?

I suppose we all know that Internet is a wealth of information and knowledge. I sometimes look up the updates on reproduction of sturgeon in the waters of Caspian where I come from on the Internet. If that's not interesting enough then You could get the road conditions on the ancient silk route from Neyshabur (birth place of poet, Hakim Omar Khayyam) to Birjand (birth place of Ali Montazeri whom you would not know as he is not famous for anything). There is also lots of information that is not possible to convey via Internet. Can you convey sorrow of Sturgeon that is caught in the net? How about the hospitality of the proprietor of the tea-house next to the orchard as you enter Birjand?

Computers are good at communicating information that can be represented with electricity. Letter 'A' therefore by convention is always 65-decimal, 01000001-binary and eight pulses-electricity.

A protocol is a set of standards and procedures for governing all aspects of communicating information from one cooperating machine to another. As such it becomes some kind of agreement between the two computers as to how information is to be transmitted.

Can you think of protocols that we use in our everyday life?

The whole idea is to transfer a piece of information from one machine to another in order of meet the requirements of user. It seems therefore that we have some kind of connection. We can refer to the connection between two or more computers as a 'network'. I suppose one could have a connection between two or more networks, each of which may comprise of a number of hosts or computers. Networks are designed in such a way as to reduce the complexity through abstraction of functionalities.

What is OSI reference model of networking?